2 Chosen ID Models suited for Internet/ Web Based Application
- Lydia Wan
- Jan 16, 2023
- 3 min read
According to Sturm et al (2017), Web-based applications are commonly used through web browsers. Every browser is a little bit different and presents online pages differently. Because of this, web-based application programming must be specialized to account for the various ways that browsers interact with web languages like HTML, XML, Flash, Perl, ASP, and PHP.
The number of web-based educational applications appears to be growing daily. To improve student learning , web-based teaching techniques are being developed, as is the case in all areas of education. Although it covers a wide range of teaching practise topics, it still only goes so far. Because of this, using instructional design models is essential to carrying out learning effectively and enhancing students' attitudes and motivations through their academic success.
The Dick and Carey model is a classroom linear oriented model. It views instructional design as a system of instruction rather than an isolated aspect of instruction. This model can be used to create a web-based teaching environment that can benefit students studying various subjects and topics. According to the Dick and Carey model, instructional design approaches improved students' academic performance. Three sources of self-efficacy are provided by Kwon and Block (2017) using the Dick and Carey instructional design model: mastery experience, vicarious experience, and social persuasions.
Besides that, some studies' pre-service physical education instructors' perceptions of their own self-efficacy increased after using the e-learning supplement. A computer-based multimedia nutrition education program for adults is designed, developed, and formatively evaluated by Carlton, Kicklighter, Jonnalagadda, and Shoffner (2000) using the Dick and Carey instructional design approach. Even so, in the research from Di̇kmen (2019) students' attitudes and academic success are correlated with their degrees of motivation. His study shows a meaningful effect on students' academic achievement when using Dick and Carey model in web-based application. With all these studies and research evidence, we can confidently view Dick Carey as an appropriate approach for web-based application.
The Kemp model is categorised as a flexible system oriented model, also known as the Morrison, Ross, and Kemp Model, includes all four components as stated below:
students
objectives
methods
evaluation
This model places a strong emphasis on the interdependencies between each phase since it considers instructional design to be a continuous cycle with "revision" as a continuing process to enhance and modify as necessary. The key components of this design are interconnected, which gives it a non-linear structure and allows for flexibility as the ID progresses through the nine stages of this design. These stages can be handled together, separately, or even not at all in some circumstances.
In research from Njenga, The Kemp and Dick and Carey model has explicit steps that cater for the learner analysis and learner characteristics (2005). Due to the similarity we can see this model presents an early planning and declaration of what the students are expected to learn during the instructional process helps the designers of the instructions stay focused while they are developing the materials. Moreover, the connections between the various elements make sure that the students only study things that are pertinent to what they are expected to know. Furthermore, the systems approach's methods are empirical and replicable, making revision simple and doable.
Online discussion on ID model category
References: Di̇kmen, C. H. (2019). The Effect of Web-Based Instruction Designed by Dick and Carey Model on Academic Achievement, Attitude and Motivation of Students' in Science Education. Istanbul University - DergiPark. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1175653
Instructional Designers of Penn State. (n.d.-a). Dick and Carey Model of Design – Instructional Designer’s Handbook. Pressbooks. https://psu.pb.unizin.org/idhandbook/chapter/dick-carey/
Instructional Designers of Penn State. (n.d.-b). Kemp Model of Design – Instructional Designer’s Handbook. Pressbooks. https://psu.pb.unizin.org/idhandbook/chapter/kemp/
Njenga, J. K. (2005). Instructional design process in a web-based learning management system: design, implementation and evaluation issues [Thesis]. University of the Western Cape.
Sturm, R., Pollard, C., & Craig, J. (2017). Application Performance Management (APM) in the Digital Enterprise: Managing Applications for Cloud, Mobile, IoT and eBusiness (1st ed.). Morgan Kaufmann.
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